Introduction:
Grammar is a very old feld of study. Did you know that the
sentence was frst divided into subject and verb by Plato,
the famed philosopher from ancient Greece? That was
about 2,400 years ago! Ever since then, students all over
the world have found it worthwhile to study the structure
of words and sentences. Why? Because skill in speaking
and writing is the hallmark of all educated people.
Lesson by lesson, this book provides basic instruction
in the eight parts of speech—nouns, pronouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and
interjections—as well as the standard patterns of English
sentences.
All students of English, be they native speakers or those
who are studying English as a second language, will
proft from the fundamental introduction and review of
grammar provided by SADDLEBACK’S BASIC ENGLISH
GRAMMAR 1 and 2. Helpful marginal notes throughout
the books have been provided to reinforce existing skills
and call attention to common problem areas.
We wish you every success in your pursuit of English
proficiency .
What is Grammar?
Here’s an old children’s rhyme about the eight parts of
speech of English grammar. It gives you an idea of what
grammar is about. Read and remember it.Every name is called a noun,
As feld and fountain, street and town.
In place of noun the pronoun stands,
As he and she can clap their hands.
The adjective describes a thing,
As magic wand or bridal ring.
Most verbs mean action, something done,
To read and write, to jump and run.
How things are done the adverbs tell,
As quickly, slowly, badly, well.
The preposition shows relation,
As in the street or at the station.Conjunctions join, in many ways,
Sentences, words, or phrase and phrase.
The interjection cries out, “Heed!An exclamation point must
follow me!”
The Capital Letter:
The capital letter is also called a big letter or uppercase letter, or sometimes just a capital.A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZWhen do you use a capital letter?4 Use a capital letter for the frst letter in a
sentence:The dog is barking.Come here!4 Always use a capital letter for the word :am eight years old.
Tom and are good friends.4 Use a capital letter for the names of people:Alice, Tom, James, Kim, Snow White4 Use a capital letter for the names of places:National Museum, Bronx Zoo, London, Sacramento4 Use a capital letter for festivals, holidays,
days of the week, months of the year:New Year’s Day, Christmas, Labor Day, Mother’s Day,Sunday, Monday, Friday, January, May, July, October
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Exercise 1
Circle the letters that should be CAPITALS. Then write
the correct letter in the space above them.1 peter and i are good friends.
2 we are going to chicago during our summer
vacation.
3 there is an interesting football game on sunday.
4 jason lives on thomson avenue.
january is the frst month of the year.
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Exercise 2
Look at the signs on the left. Can you fnd the
mistakes? Write the names correctly.hopkins hotel lincoln school
orchard street newton road
botanic gardens national library
shea stadium
